■ 身材矮小和生长障碍的差别是什么?
身材矮小是以相同环境中,相同年纪的群体高度为基准,将个体高度与之进行的比较;而生长障碍则是指生长异常缓慢,受基因遗传的影响,患者不会达到预期的成年身高。这两者常常,但不总是一起发生。
例如,一个孩子可能有身材矮小症(例如,身高位于同年龄同性别的孩子平均身高的5个百分点),但却可能没有生长障碍症(即,他/她的父母的身高也位于平均身高的第5个百分点)。
同样,一个生长障碍的孩子也可能没有身材矮小症(例如,身高位于年龄性别身高百分数的第90百分位到第50百分位之间)。
0-18岁儿童青少年年龄别身高百分位数值
年龄 | 男 | 女 | ||||||||||||
| 3rd | 10th | 25th | 50th | 75th | 90th | 95th | 3rd | 10th | 25th | 50th | 75th | 90th | 95th |
0 | 47.09 | 48.13 | 49.19 | 50.38 | 51.58 | 52.68 | 53.76 | 46.55 | 47.55 | 48.57 | 49.72 | 50.88 | 51.94 | 53.00 |
1 | 71.48 | 73.08 | 74.71 | 76.55 | 78.41 | 80.10 | 81.80 | 70.01 | 71.56 | 73.16 | 74.97 | 76.81 | 78.49 | 80.17 |
2 | 82.05 | 84.09 | 86.19 | 88.55 | 90.94 | 93.13 | 95.13 | 80.91 | 82.88 | 84.92 | 87.23 | 89.58 | 91.74 | 93.90 |
3 | 89.71 | 91.93 | 94.21 | 96.78 | 99.39 | 101.77 | 104.15 | 88.64 | 90.81 | 93.05 | 95.59 | 98.17 | 100.53 | 102.91 |
4 | 96.73 | 99.06 | 101.44 | 104.13 | 106.85 | 109.34 | 111.82 | 95.82 | 98.09 | 100.42 | 103.05 | 105.73 | 108.18 | 110.63 |
5 | 103.29 | 105.80 | 108.38 | 111.28 | 114.23 | 116.91 | 119.59 | 102.34 | 104.80 | 107.34 | 110.20 | 113.10 | 115.75 | 118.40 |
6 | 109.10 | 111.81 | 114.58 | 117.70 | 120.86 | 123.75 | 126.63 | 108.10 | 110.76 | 113.50 | 116.57 | 119.69 | 122.54 | 125.38 |
7 | 114.62 | 117.56 | 120.58 | 123.97 | 127.41 | 130.54 | 133.67 | 113.31 | 116.21 | 119.19 | 122.53 | 125.92 | 129.00 | 132.08 |
8 | 119.90 | 123.08 | 126.34 | 130.00 | 133.71 | 137.08 | 140.45 | 118.50 | 121.64 | 124.86 | 128.46 | 132.10 | 135.41 | 138.71 |
9 | 124.56 | 127.96 | 131.45 | 135.36 | 139.32 | 142.92 | 146.51 | 123.31 | 126.71 | 130.19 | 134.09 | 138.01 | 141.58 | 145.12 |
10 | 128.65 | 132.28 | 135.99 | 140.15 | 144.36 | 148.17 | 151.98 | 128.35 | 132.07 | 135.86 | 140.10 | 144.36 | 148.22 | 152.05 |
11 | 132.91 | 136.84 | 140.85 | 145.34 | 149.87 | 153.98 | 158.06 | 134.21 | 138.15 | 142.16 | 146.63 | 151.11 | 155.16 | 159.16 |
12 | 138.10 | 142.49 | 146.96 | 151.95 | 156.97 | 161.51 | 166.02 | 140.24 | 144.11 | 148.03 | 152.39 | 156.75 | 160.67 | 164.54 |
13 | 144.97 | 149.60 | 154.31 | 159.54 | 164.79 | 169.52 | 174.20 | 144.96 | 148.57 | 152.23 | 156.29 | 160.34 | 163.99 | 167.58 |
14 | 152.34 | 156.66 | 161.03 | 165.88 | 170.73 | 175.09 | 179.39 | 147.93 | 151.34 | 154.79 | 158.62 | 162.44 | 165.87 | 169.25 |
15 | 157.49 | 161.43 | 165.40 | 169.81 | 174.20 | 178.15 | 182.04 | 149.48 | 152.79 | 156.13 | 159.83 | 163.53 | 166.85 | 170.12 |
16 | 159.88 | 163.62 | 167.41 | 171.60 | 175.78 | 179.54 | 183.23 | 149.84 | 153.12 | 156.44 | 160.12 | 163.78 | 167.08 | 170.32 |
17 | 160.87 | 164.53 | 168.24 | 172.35 | 176.44 | 180.12 | 183.74 | 150.13 | 153.39 | 156.69 | 160.34 | 163.99 | 167.26 | 170.48 |
18 | 161.26 | 164.90 | 168.58 | 172.65 |